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SHORTHAND 



AT A GLANCE. 



°<>°-=3- O H. ^o=>o^- 



MODERN STENOGRAPHY, 



The Easiest, Quickest and Most Legible 
System of Shorthand. 

COPYRIGHT 1899, 

BY HENRY TEHLE. 



NO TEACHER NECESSARY. 



A CHILD CAN LEARN IT. 



Published at the PHONETIC INSTITUTE, 

121 COURT STREET, 
BROOKLYN, N. Y. 



IZi 



HALE'S LIGHT LINE PHONOGRAPHY. 

The most legible and the quickest, 
can be learned in half the time re- 
quired by ordinary shorthand. Each 
sound is represented by a separate 
character without the use of shading; 
this gives a wonderful increase in 
both legibility and speed. 

LIGHT LINE PHONOGRAPHY is one of the 

greatest inventions of the age, it is almost as legi- 
ble as longhand writing, and yet is one of the 
quickest systems of Shorthand in the world. 

It can be learned in half the time required by 
ordinary shorthand. 



!Q 




SHORTHAND AND TYPEWRITING SCHOOLS: 
121 COURT STREET, near Atlantic Ave,, 

brooklyi, m. X. 

You cannot afford to learn ordinary Short - 
hand at any price. 

Light Line Phonography is 20 per cent quicker, 
lOQr.per cent more legible, and can be thoroughly 
learned in half the time required by ordinary short- 
hand. 






PREFACE. 



" Great praise is due to the gentlemen who report for the periodical 
press for the very accurate reports they furnish by means of their 
lengthy and defective systems of stenography." I believe this state- 
ment was first penned in the year 1845, and has been printed in 
Isaac Pitman's books ever since. It was aimed at the old-fashioned 
systems of shorthand. I now cast it back at its author, simply sub- 
stituting the word ''Phonography" for the word "Stenography." 
There is no doubt that some writers of old-fashioned phonography, 
after five or ten years' experience, succeed in doing excellent work 
with their lengthy and defective systems of shorthand, and when we 
consider that each outline in the Pitmanic systems* represents from 
six to fourteen different words, and that the unfortunate steno- 
grapher must guess which is the right one, the only wonder is that 
they can ever do good work. 

In Teale's Light Line Phonography each outline represents one or 
two words, scarcely ever more than two. Of these two words one 
is generally a word of rare occurrence. For example: T written on 
the line represents the words It or Tea and nothing else. 

In the Pitmanic systems, T on the line represents five words; T 
when shaded becomes D, and represents eight words more. As 
shading is almost impossible in rapid writing, T on the line in a Pit- 
man reporter's notes represents thirteen different words, and the un- 
fortunate reporter must guess which is the right one. In Teale's 
system, P on the line represents Hope or Pay and nothing else, while 



* In speaking of the Pitmanic systems of phonography, we include 
all systems which are based on the P tman alphabet, such as 



in the Pitmanic systems P on the line represents six words; P when 
shaded becomes B, and represents eight words more, or fourteen 
in all. 

Of course the student is told that he will know which is the cor- 
rect word by the context, but, as almost every character in his notes 
is equally ambiguous, the context is a very unreliable guide, and 
the reporter is obliged to guess, and guess, and guess; and very 
cften he guesses wrong. In Light Line Phonography guessing is 
out of the question — the student reads and does not guess. 

Now about speed. A few minutes' examination of the engraved 
notes in this pamphlet will prove to the stenographer that Light 
Line Phonography is fundamentally the most rapid system of short- 
hand in the world. 

In ordinary phonography there are thousands of contractions to 
be learned by heart; and if the student is not blessed with a remark- 
able memory he will surely fail in becoming an expert stenographer 
with those systems. 

Light Line Phonography is fundamentally so rapid that very few 
contractions are necessary, and consequently there is very little to 
remember. 

The remarkable legibility of Teale's Light Line Phonography 
makes it certain that in the near future this system of shorthand 
will be universally used. As a consequence of this remarkable 
legibility the old time practice of employers reading over and cor- 
recting letters written by stenographers will be entirely abandoned. 
An employer can put as much confidence in the accuracy of letters 
written in this system of shorthand as if they were dictated to a 
longhand writer, and consequently stenographers who use this system 
can command better salaries than any others. 



LIGHT LINE PHONOGRAPHY. 



The word phonography is taken from two Greek words, 
phone, a voice or sound, and graphe, a writing. The word 
phonography therefore means a writing of the voice, or 
writing words as they are pronounced. 

In ordinary spelling A has three distinct sounds, as heard 
in the words mat, fate, fall. The sound in the word fate is 
really A, the other two are Ah and Aw. 

In phonography every sound is represented by a dif- 
ferent sign or character. 

— has always the sound of A in age, / has always the 
sound of E in we, and so with the rest of the letters. 

CONSONANTS. 

B) J>/ PL K 

M ^ N v_ p \ T I 

Before proceeding further the student must memorize the 
above consonants. 

VOWELS. 

~ A as in age x I as in time 

/ E as in we ^ Ow as in cow 

A vowel written above a horizontal consonant, reads be- 
fore it, written below, it reads after. See aim, may, ache, 
nay, the first four words in Exercise I. 



/- 

EXERCISE I. 
* ^ - r 7 I- ~\ * > ^_ 
K )' M V >- ' - ^ ^ £ t 

EXERCISE II. 
Aim, may, ache, nay, aid, day, ape, pay, paid, fade, 
make, tame, be, fee, me, knee, key, team, beam, feed, beef, 
keep, meek, tie, by, nigh, die, my, bough, now, cow. 

Every exercise in this book must be carefully written in 
longhand and shorthand several times. 



ADDITIONAL 


CONSONANTS. 




R ^ 


w ^ 


Y j 


Th ( 


V ( 


Ch J 


,/ 


G 


S 



Sh y 

Ng o Z ^7 RorV^ 

The letters L, R, W, Y, H and Z when they stand alone 
are always written upward ; the rest of the letters are 
written downward 

The letters J, G and Z are double length, V and Sh are 
half length. 

G has always the hard sound of G in gave, never the soft 
sound of G in gem. 



ADDITIONAL VOWELS. 

I O as in hope. ,| Oo as in food. 

"I U as in up. J Ew as [ n new> 

J \ O as in not. J Aw as in awl. 

I A as in bag. •/ e as in beg. 

•I I as in big. *| G i as in oil. 

These vowels are written beside the letter T to show the 
difference in position. See wrote, root, pole, pool, the first 
four words in Exercise III. 

EXERCISE III. 
<"f -<1 V- V A A' r -^ }->: U 

-, — t K f J n ^ -rr * j 
n a ^1 4 ■ • >i ^ si ^ ^ 

^ ^ Vj *\ V >i v-; H \j~ 
\ V V^ — . & ^ ^ Zl Z, 

EXERCISE IV. 
Wrote, root, pole, pool, dome, doom, comb, boom, tomb, 
go, toll, tool, boat, boot, coat, coal, cool, show, shoe, cot, 
caught, rot, wrought, not, naught, lot, law, Tom, tall, ball, 
fought, up, pew, nut, new, cut, mule, buff, few, come, cue, 
dew, foot, mute, duck, duke. 



6 

EXERCISE V. 

a ■ ■ h n ^ n v- ^ \_ ^ m 
^ \ — \ , i — - ) — . \ — n a 

EXERCISE VI. 

Rat, cat, mat, fat, met, hell, pet, peck, deck, net, knit, 
peg, pig, beg, big, bag, bake, dim, Dick, dig, toy, boy, toil, 
boil, joy, coil. 

A consonant may be written half length to add T or D 
See pat, pet, pit, put, the first four words in exercises VII 
and VIII. 

EXERCISE VII. 
■% ■ * . v vC • "* c SZ r w v.- *c /- 

/ /- /' ^ ^ ~- <n ^ ^ ^ ~ 

EXERCISE VIII. 

Pat, pet, pit, put, taught, light, let, knit, fit, fate, note, nut, 
wet, wait, white, need, made, mate, meat, feet, mat, met, 
night, late, date, debt, died, deed, lot, not, bad, bid, did, wit. 

R may be added by a small hook on the left, or lower side 
of a straight consonant. 

A small hook on the opposite side to the R hook adds L. 
See the first four words in Exercise IX, pray, cry, play, clay. 

R and L hooks read immediately after the consonants to 
which they are written, without the intervention of a vowel. 



7 

EXERCISE IX. 
\ __ V — I /> ■ « 1* 

V- X ■ « — ,_ <c^ s^ 1_ U 
>c x v ^ •_ r v- x 



EXERCISE X. 

Pray, cry, play, clay, draw, glow, glue, try, tree, true, grow, 
grew, plum, plume, tram, trim, dream, pry, ply, drew, crew, 
tray, plate, prayed, plight, tried, treat, trade, proud, pride, 
gloom, clam, gleam, drum, crow, dried, dread, drape, drink, 
drip, drawl, droll, drop, droop, track, trail, truly. 

On curved consonants a small hook is used for R and a 
large one for L. See brew, blue, brow, blow, the first 
four words in Exercise £1. 

Fl and Fr are exceptions to this rule, Fl being inverted to 
form Fr. See fry, fly, free, flee, the second four words in 
Exercise XI. 

Hooks and circles are always turned inside of curved 
consonants. 

EXERCISE XI. 

\ °< '* >< -^ ^ r> K ' Cvj/ 



8 



EXERCISE XII. 

Brew, blue, brow, blow, fry, fly, free, flee, flow, flew, 
shrew, able, black, bleak, blank, blame, bless, bliss, blos- 
som, bluff, break, brass, braid, bread, brag, break, bracket, 
bracelet, brewery, brew, flag, freak, flap, flat, float, flute, 
fruit, fraught, flight, fling, frail, frill, through, three, throw. 

R may be added by writing the preceding consonant 
double length. 

When R is added by lengthening, a vowel always 
reads before the added letter. See fire, fry, tour, true, the 
first four words in Exercise XIII. 

A downward R or L shows a vowel before it ; upward a 
vowel after it. See fur, fury, fell, folly, the second four 
words in Exercise XIII. 

EXERCISE XIII. 

>. y r r t y <l x ^ _ 

^- >— ~*r~ y ^.) A t oi 5* 

EXERCISE XIV. 

Fire, fry, tour, true, tear, tray, bar, brew, tree, bare, 
brow, fair, pare, pray, rare, rear, near, wire, mire, bore, more, 
blew, flee, fly, bread, flute, three, flight, fling, brewery, brass, 
bracket, black, bleak, frail, pearl, barrel, barley, truly, 
dreary, drear, drawer, ferry, fairy, fury, fur, fell, folly. 

A small hook at the end of a consonant adds N. On 
straight consonants the N hook must be written on the left 
or lower side. See dine, done, cane, gone, the first four 
words in Exercise XV. 



9 

EXERCISE XV. 

/> ^ a. «_, ___ _ ^_ c- 

EXERCISE XVI. 

Dine, done, cane, gone, ten, fine, gain, lane, lean, line, 
pine, dawn, den, pen, pain, bun, bean, fan, bone, boon, nine 
none, nun, pin, pan, gun, rain, run, train, plain, drain, 
drawn, clean, brown, green, glean, clown, throne, grain, crane. 

A small hook at the end of a straight consonant, on the 
opposite side to the N hook, adds F or V. See cave, cane, 
pave, pain, the first four words in Exercise XVII. 

The F or V hook cannot be written to curved consonants, 
as hooks and circles must always be written on the inside 
of curved letters. See muff, man, beef, five, the second 
four words in Exercise XVII. 

EXERCISE XVII. 

/" .=— ^-~ \i 3" /• &. ^ \r~ 

/' /' /" /- / / __ r- «— JL 



~TT -XT *~^ v *<? 



vtf^" 



Cave, cane, pave, pain, muff, man, beef, bean, five, life, 
cough, grave, grain, proof, train, drive, drain, rave, rain, 



10 



Dave, Dane, dove, done, deaf, den, cuff, cone, grief, green, 
gone, gave, moan, move, ruff, run, knife, nine, line, wine, 
wife, rife, dive, drove, drone, brown, grieve. 

When the N or F hook is written at the end of a conson- 
ant, it is final, that is a vowel cannot be read after it. In 
such words as Fanny, bonny, coffee, gravy, the stem N, F 
or V is used. See the first four words in Exercise XIX. 



EXEB 


CISE XIX. 




<—, K 5-v, - 


- I- — = 


<U <r=~> X, 


\'/> S" c 




y /crv_ \, 


/- r /• r 


/? rC < 


r-> C 



^ y )' f* /-av)-v \ \ ^ 

EXERCISE XX. 
Fanny, fan, bone, boney, bonny, grave, gravy, cough, 
coffee, puff, puffy, pen, penny, cone, pain, paVe, den, deaf, 
Duffy, muff, moan, move, moon, bun, bean, Ben, Benny, pan, 
pen, pin, plain, train, drive, drain, brown, brain, pail, play, 
power, fire, fry, fly, true, tour, tire, try, fruit, freight, flight, 
crown, grow, crew. 

When the N or F hook is written to a half length con- 
sonant, the added T or D reads after the N or F. See 
pint, paved, bend, puffed, the first four words in Exercise 

XXI. 

EXERCISE XXI. 

^ ^ )• VJ ( ! J. C /? ^ <?> -r* f* 
£ U ^ ^ ^ ~r> tf V «/' "^ J> <£ 

^ ^ ^ h in ^ v y y t ^ /? 



11 



EXERCISE XXII. 

Pint, paved, bend, puffed, tent, tint, found, raft, cleft, 
faint, leaned, mint, mind, moaned, meant, pound, point, 
dent, kind, dawned, fund, dined, lined, round, rent, rift, 
rained, roughed, taunt, tuned, dived, pinned, paint, penned, 
band, bond, bind, bound. 

S is written on the right or upper side of a straight con- 
sonant. When S is written on the opposite side it adds R 
at the beginning, and N at the end. See stay, stray, pays, 
pains, the first four words in Exercise XXIII. 

EXERCISE XXIII. 

?- v n; ^ / f r s r v \ ^ % 
\ v t x \ % \ </■ t s t t u 

y j„ r j- / </ </« 2- z. j- =* =rv -j o 

v - — => ^ ^-"- <** «r*-< ^^-^ ^* iv 

EXERCISE XXIV. 

Stay, stray, pays, pains, sad, said, sod, sawed, side, spy, 
spry, soap, soup, spray, strive, stain, price, prince, pines, 
pies, dens, days, dines, dies, toes, tones, ties, tens, dice, 
dance, dence, dunce, draft, drift, drained, case, canes, goes, 
gains, fan, Fanny, man, money, many, men, main, sat, 
strayed, stride, straight, peace, pence, crowns, gowns, 
moves. 

S may be written double length to add T. See seam, 
steam, miss, mist, the first four words in Exercise XXV. 

S may be written double size to add S or Z. See size, 
season, faces, possess, the second four words in Exercise 
XXV. 



12 



EXERCISE XXV. 




< 



o-O sT~h 



<T> 



/• (/• \ ^ J- J- -_ J- 



EXERCISE XXVI. 
Seam, steam, miss, mist, size, season, faces, possess, stick, 
step, stab, stake, steady, study, stem, steam, steamer, most, 
must, last, least, fast, feast, cost, cast, cased, based, boast, 
waste, west, haste, host, guest, gust, nest, mast, basis, 
mosses, Moses, success, dies, dines, dose, doses, loss, losses, 
case, cases, mass, masses, dance, dances, prince, princes, 
tense, tenses, cave, cane, canes. 

S may be added to the St loop or to Ss. See last, lasts, 
success, successes, the first four words in Exercise XXVII. 

A small hook at the beginning of L, M or N represents 
W. See while, whim, went, wail, the second four words in 
Exercise XXVII. 

A tick at the beginning of M, L, R or B, may be used for 
H. See hill, hammer, habit, hair, the third four words in 
Exercise 27. 

EXERCISE XXVII. 
/f #* £-G <£4> V~" ^' «* -/"" ^ *-* 



i -*s 



«r^ 



^-^ 



^ ^ <4 £ 



?" it »<r 




13 



EXERCISE XXVIII. 

Last, lasts, success, successes, while, whim, went, wail, 
hill, hammer, habit, hair, mast, masts, mist, mists, fast, fasts, 
feast, feasts, guest, guests, rest, rests, waste, wastes, wheel, 
well, wool, winter, winner, Wednesday, whimper, wanton, 
hall, hail, heel, hobby, window. 

VERBATIM REPORTING. 

In reporting the vowels are generally omitted, and the 
consonant outlines written in three positions. 

First position, above the line, shows that Ah, Aw or the 
long sound of I follows the first consonant. See by, law, 
die, fight, the first four words in Exercise XXIX. 

Double length consonants are in the first position on the 
Hne. See fire, bar, par, tar, the second four words in 
Exercise 29. 

EXERCISE XXIX. 



)'/-/*■ 


V ) \ 


1 — w 


<s- J °\ 


N, 1 r 


S f ■ • K 


Y ^ <L_ 


W"" /*> /& 


— -*- ^ ^ 


— / ./ 


1 C U^ 


V^_ r- -> J ^ 


X / u <^ xi ^r 


^ f~ <*f ^> 



EXERCISE XXX. 

By, law, die, fight, my, nigh, pie, night, white, shy, fright, 
strive, pawn, tried, lime, sawed, sought, drawn, dial, trial, 
fry, fly, mile, last, lasts, casts, fasts, cry, dry, draw, drive, 
try, Fanny, fire, par, bar, far, tire, light, might, bad, mine, 
fine, fan, ran, right, ride, Saul, Paul, wide. 

Second position, on the line, shows that E or A, long or 
short, follows the first consonant. See be, pit, day, met. 



u 



A large hook at the beginning of a word shows that the 
position vowel reads before the first consonant instead of 
after it. See ought, eat, aim, ache, second four words in 
Exercise 31. 

A large hook at the end of a consonant, shows the 
syllable shon. See nation, mission, emotion, fashion, third 
four words in Exercise 31. 

Double length consonants are in the second position, a 
little through the line. See bare, pear, near, fair. 



EXERCISE XXXI. 

I^Lj L, cs cr- ^ ^n <rr> <o 



) V ^ 



I? 7 v r7 ~ r 



-> 



^Vv^^^^^^-c^-X 



EXERCISE XXXII. 

Be, pit, day, met, ought, eat, aim, ache, nation, mission, 
emotion, fashion, bare, pear, peer, fair, fee, hay, gay, key, 
mill, nay, tea, caution, tension, aid, fade, laid, made, lane, 
lean, meant, mint, mind, kind, find, sent, send, faint, bent,, 
lend, prayed, played, stake, stick, step, steam, steamer, mist, 
meets, feast, fits, masts, mats. 

Third position, through or under the line, shows that O* 
U, Ow, Oi or Oo follows the first consonant. See more,, 
bun, town, few. 



15 

EXERCISE XXXIII. 
) J W ) / 



( *>' C — * \ \ ~ y v> ^ s 

-*-- — y— ^ — \t-^t> — — — ^ 



EXERCISE XXXIV. 

More, bun, town, few, due, boy, go, joy, cow, low, rue, 
row, too, view, woe, thou, show, poor, power, mood, food, 
feud, sown, sued, soot, strewed, note, flood, choose, poss- 
ess, mosses, gust, guest, study, muff, puff, dove, cuff, fun, 
noon, moon, none, gone, gun, plum, true, drew, crew, grew, 
grow, boil, foil, soil, plow, gloom, drum, crown, glue. 

The prefixes con or com, may be represented by a dot at 
the beginning of a consonant, or by the letter K. Con or 
com does not take position ; the first vowel in the rest 
of the word is the position vowel. Constant, complete, 
confined, confound. 

In the middle of a word the syllables con or com, may be 
indicated by disjoining. Recommend, irreconciliation, in- 
complete, inconstant. 

The sylable ing, may be represented by Ng, or by a dot 
at the end of a word. When Ng will form a good joining, 
it must be used in preference to the dot. Going, waiting, 
causing, meaning. 

SI may be used for the syllable self. Myself, himself, 
selfish, yourself. 

F may be used for the syllable ful. Careful, beautiful. 



16 

B may be written for the syllable able or ible. Sensible, 
excusable. 

As Ng scarcely ever occurs at the beginning of a word in 
English, the sign for it may be used for the syllable in, when 
written in the first position, en, in the second position, and 
un, in the third position. This character may be written 
either way up. Induce, enemy, undue, increase. 

G cannot be written half length as it would become K, 
but G may be written quarter length to add T or D. K when 
standing alone is not written half length. Get, good, caught, 
kid. 

A large hook at the beginning of K on the upper side, 
adds W and reads as Kw. A large hook on the lower side 
of K shows an initial vowel. Quote, request, ache, oak. 

An additional form for W is sometimes useful. The char- 
acter found in the words walk, wake, wood, and bewail, at 
the end of the next exercise, is called brief W. This letter 
is written at the beginning of a consonant to add a first po- 
sition vowel, in the middle of a consonant to add a second 
position vowel, and at the end lo add a third position vowel. 

EXERCISE XXXV. 



^ — *— e 



^ ^- s= <_ — -*■ J ^ 

EXERCISE XXXVI. 

Constant, complete, confind, confound, recommend, irre- 
conciliation, incomplete, inconstant, going, waiting, causing, 
meaning, myself, himself, selfish, yourself, careful, beautiful, 



17 



sensible, excusable, induce, enemy, undue, increase, get, 
good, caught, kid, quote, request, ache, oak, walk, wake, 
wood, bewail. 



A small hook before S shows an initial vowel, after S a 
final vowel. A small hook after S may also be used for 
the syllable shon. Ask, fancy, easy, position, compensation. 



EXERCISE XXXVII. 

v to 

\. J * 



^\ 1> ^ 



* ~_- «P 



EXERCISE XXXVIII. 

Ask, fancy, easy, possession, compensation, sigh, saw, see, 
ease, sue, escape, asleep, esteem, easel, astonish, assign, aside, 
ascertain, certain, assist. 

EXERCISE XXXIX. 

Pat, pet, pit, put, [7] pray, play, cry, clay, [9] brew, blue, 
brow, blow, [n] fire, fry, tour, true, [13] dine, done, 
gone, [15] cave, cane, pave, pain, [17] Fanny, bonny, coffee, 
gravy, [19] pint, paved, bend, puffed, [21]. 



Exercises 39, 40 and 41, are test exercises. The student 
must write them without referring to any other part of the 
book. The numbers refer to the original shorthand exer- 
cises, in which the words are found. After the student has 
completed exercise XXXIX, he may refer to the numbered 
exercises, to ascertain if he has written it correctly. Where 
he finds errors in his work he, should write the whole 
exercise referred to. 



18 

EXERCISE XL. 

Stay, stray, pays, pains, (23) seam, steam, miss, mist (25) 
last, lasts, success, successes, (27) fire, fry, far, free, par, pray, 
tar, try, fly, (29) lend, prayed, played, stake, steam, steamer, 
mist, (31) more, fun, town, crown, glue, boil, gloom (33). 

EXERCISE XLI. 

Constant, complete, confined, confound, irresolution, 
incomplete, increase, get, good, caught, kid, quote, meaning, 
causing, selfish, induce, enemy, (35) assume, assemble, assist, 
assault, estimate, astray, aspire, compensation, position, (37) 

R through the line may be written double length to add M. 
EXERCISE XLII. 



^x 



2L ^± 



EXERCISE XLIII. 

Room, rum, roar, rear, rhyme, remit, remain, remainder, 
remittance, remedy, remind, reminiscence, remission, remote, 
remove, removal, remunerate, Romans, remuneration, remun- 
erative, roamed, remnant, remiss. 

A consonant may be written half length to add T. The let- 
ters B, D, G, M, N, T, may be written half length to add | 
either T or D. Mnemonic aid, Bad Garment. 



19 

EXERCISE XLIV. 
JCL 5s ^ ~ "S N N, - _ —7 



^T^7 



, , ' eg - - ' I 



EXERCISE XLV. 

Hate, fate, fade, wait, wade, pet, paid, get, good, kid, cat, 
begged, laid, faded, waited, bad, bought, deed, feed, feud, 
food, date, debt, died, weed, made, mate, mood, note, need, 
neat, knit, taught, tide, dated, light, load, laid, late, coat, wet, 
feet, feed, beat, abode, dried, cried, flight, flood, bright, blight, 

EXERCISE XLVI. 

Mend, mind, kind, went, lent, leaned, violent, valient, 
talent, command, commend, commanded, found, founded, 
puffy, cough, coffee, men, money, paved, bend, dance, deaf, 
duDoe, crowns, draft, drained, strewed, stride, prince, size 
successes, losses, cases, caves, canes, case, days, dines. 

EXERCISE XLVII. 

Wanton, hall, hail, heel, hobby, window, winner, winter , 
Wednesday, hammer, habit, wool, well, wheel, whimper, beau- 
tiful, sensible, incomplete, selfish, himself, myself, increase, 
undue, ache, oak, walk, wake, week, work, dwarf, turf, dwell. 
S may be added to the F hook on straight consonants, 
and the N hook on curved ones. Caves, fence, binds, roofs t 
the first four words in exercise 48. 



20 



S on the N side adds N ; the St loop follows the same rule. 
See case, canes, guest, against, the second four words in 
Exercise 48. 

Between two consonants S must be written on the most 
convenient side. See desk, task, execution, discussion ; the 
third four words in Exercise 48. S may sometimes be 
written on the opposite side to add R. See discourse, dis- 
crete, excursion, discretion. 

As lengthening adds R, the character shown in the 
alphabet, (page 4) representing R or V, is scarcely ever used 
for R at the end of a word. At the beginning of a word 
this character always represents R unless it is followed by 
K or G. See beer, brewer, behave, behavior, superior, 
vacant, vague ; the last seven words in Exercise 48. 

EXERCISE XLVIII. 






• / 



^ 4h± y 



J-» A 



-s / c 



* *S } ir 



*2 ^ , ^s* 



) v\'> 



EXERCISE XLIX. 

Caves, fence, binds, roofs, case, canes, guest, against, desk, 
task, execution, discussion, discourse, discrete, excursion, 
discretion, finds, tents, kinds, lends, funds, faints, puffs, 



21 



EXERCISE L. 

At the beginning of a word W is not written half 
iength to add D. Wad, wade, wed, weed, wood, wedding, 
weeding, wide, waddle, wet, wait, white, wit, wheat, witness, 
wetness, whiteness. 

Before L, M or N, a small hook is used for W. Wheel, 
wail, well, wall, wool, willow, wealth, while, William, weal, 
whale, woman, women, whim, wanton, winner, winter, went, 
want, wanted, wonder. 

Before K, G or Sh, brief W is used. Wake, walk, week, 
wick, wag, waggon, waggoner, weaken, waken, wakeful, wash. 

Wire, ware, war, weary, warrior, wearer, west, waist, 
widest, windward, wheeled, wailed, wailing. 

Hall, hill, heel, hole, hull, whole, hollow, hail, holder, 
ham, hamper, hammer, hamlet, hammock, hem, hemisphere, 
hemlock, hymn, hum, human, humanity, humble, humilia- 
tion, habit, habitual, habitation. 



EXERCISE LI. 

Babe, baby, back, bake, bag, beg, beak, ball, bale, bell, 
mill, mail, meal, fidelity, bill, bull, beach, bench, banish, 
battle, beetle, bottle, dull, dale, delay, daily, deal, cap, cattle, 
cape, cup, keep, cop}', coffee, cab, egg, gay, go, gape, gate, 
guide, giddy, gauge, gaily, guilty, fade, fed, feed, food, 
pack, peck, pick, peak, dog, duck, lime. 

EXERCISE LII. 

Ballot, bald, bailed, built, bold, bullet, begin, bacon, 
beacon, balance, bailiff, banjo, blue, true, try, tire, fry, tire, 
black, bank, bleak, bound, bind, band, mind, meant, mint, 
breakfast, dinner, supper, billow, drill, drink, drank, gain, 
again, gone, gown, duty, droop, drip, dream, count, countless, 
counter, gallant, gem, gum, gin, Jane, gather, hang, hanging, 
hoop maiden, mechanical. 



22 

BUSINESS LAW. 
Ignorance of the law excuses no one. 
An agreement without consideration is void. 
Signatures made with a lead pencil are good in law. 
A receipt for money paid is not legally conclusive. 
The acts of one partner bind all the others. 
Contracts made on Sunday cannot be enforced. 
A contract made with a minor or a lunatic is void. 
Principals are responsible for the\acts of their agents. 
Agents are responsible to their principals for errors. 
Each individual in a partnership is responsible for the whole 

amount of the debt of the firm. 
A note given by a minor is void. 
Notes bear interest only when so stated. 
It is not necessary to say on a note, " for value received." 
A note drawn on Sunday is void. 

A note obtained by fraud, or from a person in a state of in- 
toxication, cannot be collected. 

If a note be lost or stolen, it does not release the maker. 

An indorser of a note is exempt from liability, if not served 

with notice of its dishonor within twenty-four hours 

of its non-payment. 

It is a fraud to conceal a fraud. 
The law compels no one to do impossibilities. 
A personal right of action dies with the person. 
In making agreements, consider not only your rights, but 
also your remedies. 

This above is a key to page 28. 



23 

WORD SIGNS. 
^ i of, 2 the, 3 I. 

i a, an. 
— i and, 2 say, 3 so. 

I 1 was, 2 owe, oh, 3 out. 

is 1 what, 4 would. 

o 1 any, 2 thing, 3 long. 

» 1 beyond, 2 you, 3 young 

e 1 with, 2 when, 3 were. 

, 1 that, 2 he, 3 who. 

1 as, has, 2 is, his, 3 us. 

, 1 can, 2 come, 3 could, company. 

_, 1 cannot, kind, 2 account. 

/"- 1 all, 2 will. 

^ t are, 2 or, 3 our. 

\ 1 by, 2 be, 3 but, obey, 4 to be. 

/ 1 had, die, 2 day, 3 do, due. 

V ' 1 if, 2 for, 3 from. 



24 

^ i after, 2 for the, 3 from the. 
1 large, 3 joy, judge. 

""^ 1 my, am, 2 him, 3 me. 

x — 1 in, 2 no, know, 3 on. 

^ 1 not, night, 2 and the, 3 on the. 

\ 1 part, 2 up, 3 upon, hope. 

J 1 at, 2 it, 3 to, two. 

< 1 have, of the, 2 ever, 3 vow. 

/ 1 why, 2 we, 3 one. 

/ 1 thy, though, 2 they, them, 3 without, thou, thee 

f 1 doctor, 2 dear, 3 during. 

• 1 find, 2 found, 3 fond. 

. 1 ago, 2 give, 3 go. 

__ 1 got, 2 get, 3 good. 

^ 1 glad. 

<r- 2 great. 

^r/^" 1 myself, 2 himself. 

^^^ 1 in their, neither, 2 nor, 3 under, hundred. 






25 

/ i enjoy. 

/ 2 knowledge. 

* i bought, 2 body, 3 but the, 4 about. 

/ 2 better. 

/ 2 able, 3 oblige-d. 

A 2 behavior. 

^ 1 abundant, 2 between the, 3 obedient. 

2 different-ce. 
1 had not, 2 did not, 3 do not. 

2 devolve-d. 

2 distinct. 

2 discreet, discord. 

2 district. 

1 fact, affect, 2 effect. 



j 

/ 

/ 






1 feature, 3 future. 

2 February. 

1 form, 2 free. 
1 family. 



"A 



26 

i another, 2 in our, Henry, 

3 honor, owner. 
1 every, 2 very, 3 over. 

^ 1 why, 2 we, 3 one. 

1 where, we are, 3 whether. 

1 walk, 2 week, 3 work. 
C 1 there, they are, 3 other. 

C 1 these, 2 this, 3 thus. 

\ 2 those. 

O 1 thank, 2 think. 

J 1 each, 2 which, 3 much. 

y 1 shall, 2 she, 3 show 

^ 1 want, 2 went. 

p 2 till, tell, 3 until. 

1 1 tried, 2 trade. 
^>-^ 1 rather, 2 roar, 3 room. 
^ 1 mind, 2 may not, amount. 
v 2 Mr., 2 remember, 3 mother. 

Y^ 1 enlarge. 



27 



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28 

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THE GALLERY. 
Extract from Benn Pitmann. 

Key on page 36. 



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THE TRUE GLORY OF A NATION. 
Extract from Munson. 

Key on page 36. 



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34 



RXJ1L.ESS. 

1. The letters L, E, H, W, Y and Z, when they stand 
alone, are always written upward; the remainder of the con- 
sonants are written downward or from left to right. 

2. A vowel written above a horizontal consonant reads 
before it; written below, it reads after. Aim, may, ache, key. 

3. A consonant may be written half length to add 
T or D. Night, light, need. 

4. At the beginning of a word K is not written half 
length. Cat, kid. 

5 G is written quarter length to add T or D. 

6. When K or L follows immediately after a consonant, 
the hook must always be used. 

7. When R or L follows a vowel, the hook must never 
be used. 

8. When R is added by lengthening, a vowel always 
reads before the added letter. Power, far, more, near. 

9 R and L hooks are always written at the beginning of 
consonants; N and F hooks at the end. Pray, pain, plain. 

10. N and F hooks are final. When a word ends with a 
vowel these hooks are not used Fan, Fanny, cough, coffee. 

11. The F or V hook cannot be written on curved 

letters. 

12. S is witten on the right or upper side of straight 
consonants; when S is written on the opposite side, it adds R 
at the beginning and N at the end, 

13 S may be written doub'e length to add T. Steam, 
last, most. 

14. S or St at the beginning of a consonant reads before 
the vowel; at the end of a consonant it reads after the vowel. 
Sat, step, days. 



35 

There was once a good little dwarf Earned Try, who was so power- 
ful that he overcame everything that he attempted, and yet was so small 
that people laughed when they were told of his wondrous powers. But 
the tiny man was so kind at heart, and loved so much to serve those who 
were less able than himself, that he would po and beg of those who knew 
him better, to plead for him that he might be allowed to help them out of 
their troubles; and when once he had made them happv by his noble 
deeds, they no longer despised him or drove him away with sneers, but 
loved him as their best friend. Yet the only return this good dwarf 
sought for all his services, was that when thev knew any one who wanted 
a helping hand they would say a good word in his favor, and commend 
them to Try. 

New York, Jan. 28th, 1888. 
Gentlemen:- In answer to yours of the 23rd. the goods were sent yes- 
terday, by Adams' Express. You ought to receive them to-morrow after- 
noon. Yours truly, 

Gentlemen:- Inclosed find invoice cf Teas ordered on the 9th inst. 
The Japans were not quite up to the mark, so we sent Chinas. The 
price is a little higher, but we know the goods will please you, we ship- 
ped yesterday, via New York Central as directed. 

Gentlemen:- Your favor of 22nd. was duly received, and we forward 
the goods this day per Merchants' Despatch, as directed. Inclosed find 
invoice. Your obedient servants, 

Cashier First National Bank. 
Sir:- We propose to open a deposit account in your bank, and would 
refer to F. M. Stevens, Esq., and to Messers Browning & Co., as to our 
standing, &c. Respectfully your servants, 

Gentlemen:- Will von oblige us confidentially with some informa- 
tion relative to Messers J. B. Jones & Co., of your town. Do they stand 
fair, and would you consider it safe to sell them at four months? 
Respectfully your servnats, 

Gentlemen:- Your favor of the 10th is at hand. We regret that we 
cannot give you any satisfactory information relative to the parties you 
inquire about. Our opinion of them is unfavorable. 

Very respectfully yours, 

Gentlemen*- In reply to yours of the 10th inst, we would say that 
the honse you inquire about is in good standing, and we should not re- 
fuse them a reasonable credit; but we do not know the extent of their re- 
sponsibility. Respectfully yours, 

Gentlemen:- In reply to yours of the 10th inst. we would say that 
the house of J. B. Jon^s <fe Co., is in first rate standing, and in our opin- 
ion will assume no indebtedness for which they are not amply respon- 
sible. 



36 

THE GALLERY. 

Extract From Benn Pitmann. 



The qualifications required in a good reporter are various, 
and they are not so easy of attainment as is generally suppos- 
edi In the first place, a man who pretends to be an 

ornament to his profession, must be a good shorthand writer. 
There are certainly many excellent persons in the Gallery, 
who use abbreviated longhand, but still a quicker mode of 
note taking is in general desirable, and, in many cases, abso- 
lutely necessary, unless the reporter is favored with an extra- 
ordinary memory. Some persons have been known to supply 
a column of a newspaper, and that even on financial questions, 
in which figures form the bulk ; entirely from the exercise of 
memory, no notes having been taken; but these are rare in- 
stances. 



THE TRUE GLORY OP A NATION. 

Extract From Munson. 



The true glory of a nation is an intelligent, honest, indus- 
trious Christian people. The civilization of a people depends 
on their individual character; and a constitution which is not 
the outgrowth of this character, is not worth the parchment on 
which it is written. You look in vain in the past, for a single 
instance, where the people have preserved their liberties, after 
their individual character was lost. It is not in the mag- 

nificence of its palaces, not in the beautiful creations of art 
lavished on its public edifices, not in costly libraries and gal- 
leries of pictures, not in the number or wealth of its cities, 
that we find a nation's glory. 



37 

Messrs. Fleischmann & Co., 

St. Paul, Minn. 
Gentlemen : — 

We are sorry to inform you that we cannot fill your 
order of the 8th inst., in less than ten days We have so many 
orders on our books for this class of goods, that we are obliged 
to take them in rotation, notifying each customer of the nec- 
essary delay. We have, however, sent you the two crates of 
No. 342, Cut Glass, and enclosed the two packages of French 
Porcelain. These goods we have sent by Merchants Despatch 
to-day. Please notify us if we shall fill the balance of the 
order at the time specified . 

Yours very respectfully, 

Taylor & Stevens. 

Every intelligent stenographer will concede that the use 
of light lines and a seperate and distinct character for every 
sound, will increase the legibitity of shorthand very mater- 
ially; but they suppose that a light line system cannot be 
arranged without disadvantages of some sort. A comparison 
of the extracts from Pitman and Munson (on pages 29 and 
30) with the originals, will show that Light Line Phonogra- 
phy is not only three hundred per cent, more legible, but is 
briefer, more facile, and better in every respect than ordinary 
shorthand. Of course an occasional outline wili be found 
that is longer than that used by Pitman or Munson, but the 
majority of the outlines are shorter, and an actual count of the 
pen strokes, will show to the advantage of the Light Line 
Phonography. 

The only real difficulty in ordinary shorthand is its lack 
of legibility. In rapid writing the strokes which ought to be 
shaded are frequently written light, and the position indicates 
the accented vowel, which may be in any part of the word; 
the consequence is, in reading, the words cannot be spelled. 

In Light Line Phonography, every sound is represented 
by a seperate and distinct character, so we know exactly what 
the consonants are. The position vowel, reads immediately 
after the first consonant, unless otherwise shown. The con- 
sequence is, in reading Light Line Phonography, the outlines 
can be spelled out, almost as well as if every letter were 
actually written. 



38 
EXERCISE LV. 

/- /- /* a /y.Z:-^ ,^,j A 

<"* T^ O* ""7 ■<?" ^f ^s. V* ^ 

^ /- ? A cr— ^^ ^_=> r J»> 
^ ^ ^ — I. ~~ <U «— % 

/- r /• r ,? yc ^ ^ c 
^ r r /* •- &% r v v \ ^ 

r v x ^ ? s 7 s y x % *v % 
x ir t ^ V ^ ^ j t j- t f (. 

j 1 j fl r J* /' </ /* >• £ t- =r-» =r» — -» 



When the student has thoroughly practiced all the ex- 
ercises in this book, he is advised to procure a copy of 
the Reader. 

HENRY TEALE, 

121 Court St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 



INDEX. 

Brief W, Exercises 35, 50. 

Double length consonants, Exercises 13, 29, 31, 33. 

First position, Exercise 29. 

Half length consonants, Exercise 7. 

Half length consonants followed by N or F hooks, 
Exercise 21. 

H tick, W hook, Exercises 27, 47, 50. 

In, En, Un, Exercise 35. 

Initial vowel before or after S, Exercise 37. 

L and R hooks, Exercises 9, 11, 13, 54. 

N and F hooks, Exercises 17 and 19. 

N and F hooks followed by $, Exercise 48. 

Prefixes and affixes, Exercise 35. 

R or N added to S, Exercise 23, 

R and L upward or downward, Exercises 13 and 53. 

Rm through the line, Exercise 42. 

ST loop, SS or SZ, Exercise 25. 

S added to ST loop, or SS, Exercise 27. 

Second position, Exercise 31. 

Third position, Exercise 2>Z- 

Upward letters, page 4. 

Vowels, pages 3 and 5. 

W hook, H tick, Exercises 27, 47, and 50. 



WHAT EXPERTS SAY ABOUT LIGHT LINE 
PHONOGRAPHY. 

Extract from Mr. J. L. Cobbin's letter to the '•Steno- 
grapher" for July 1895, This gentleman is an expert 
Pitman writer, with thirty -seven years experience. 



15 Kloof St., Cape Town, South Africa. 
April 22 nd, 1895. 

To the Editor of the Stenographer, 

Philadelphia, Pa. 

I have been so much struck with the specimen of Mr. 
Teale's very ingenious Light Line Phonography, and with 
the sound common sense basis upon which it is built, that I 
have ordered a copy of the work from New York. I began 
the study of Phonography in 1858, but had Teale's pres- 
entation of it been then known, I would never have dreamed 
of adopting Pitman's thick and thin characters. 

I am inclined to think that Teale's system will indeed be 
a very dangerous rival to Pitman's. Mr. Teale has produced 
two cardinal improvements which are destined to have an 
enormous influence upon every kind of phonography. He 
has abolished shaded strokes, thereby lessening the writer's 
fatigue and greatly accelerating his speed; and he has given 
a distinct outline to eveiy consonant, thereby introducing 
certainty and legibility, and abolishing the innumerable 
maddening clashings which disfigure Isaac Pitman's system, 
whether written by himself, or by any of his adherents, or 
by any American adapter of his invention. 

There are many details about which I can say very little 
until I receive Mr. Teale's hand-book; but I am greatly in 
error if he has not struck oil in a very rich region indeed. 
Having perused many hundreds of systems, constructe L 
more than one hundred different alphabets, and being ac- 
quainted with an immense amount of stenographic literature, 
I frankiv admit, that Mr. Teale has aroused my interest, ea- 
listed my sympathy, and won my admiration. 



^» g5orf5's §ofum6ian gommfeson. <* 

UNITED STATES. 

DEPARTMENT H.-MANUFACTURERS. 

Exhibitor — The S. T. Smith Company. Address — New York 

Group — 89. Class — 564. 

Exhibit — 'Typewriter Supplies; Typewriter Ribbons; Type- 
writer Carbon and Typewriter Cleaning Brush." 

AWARD. 

For the specific points of excellence which are as 
follows:— 

1st The Typewriter Ribbons possess great ex- 
cellence. They are well inked and of excellent 
quality. 

2nd The black semi-typewriter carbon is 
very goad- 

3rd The type cleaning brush is a convenient 
device and does good work 

(Signed) Dudley A. Johnson, 
Approved: EL I Kimball, Individual Judge. 

President Departmental Committee. 
Approved] John Boyd Thatcher, 

Chairman Executive Committee on Awards. 

Copyist B. L. S. Date February 28th 1894 



For further information and for a New Catalogue 
please address: 

The S. T. SMITH COMPANY 
10 PARK PLACE, 

Two doors from "The Old Stand," NEW YORK. 



^Improvement the Order of the Age. 



n 



THREE NEW MODEL 




<m^V SMITH #^ 



D 




lUBewriiers 



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HAVE YOU EXAMINED THEM ? 



J\dany Improvements heretofore Overlooked 
by other Manufacturers. 



Address 



-^>THE' 



SMITH PREMIER TYPEWRITER CO. 



293 jf 295 Broadway, New York. 



REMINGTON 

Standard Typewriter. 




" THE RIGHT HAND OF STENOGRAPHERS. " 

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It is constructed upon the simplest and most correct scientific principles. 
Constant progress has been, and is to-day, the secret of its pre-eminence. 

Every improvement calculated to increase its superiority and to enlarge 
its usefulness is added to the Remington Standard Typewriter, as soon as 
careful and prolonged tests by our experts have satisfactorily proved its prac- 
tical value . 



Illustrated Catalogue and Price List of our " Paragon " Typewriter Ribbons 
sent on application. 



WYCKOFF, SEAMANS & BENEDICT, 

327 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. 

TEALB'S 
SHORTHAND & TYPEWRITING SCHOOL, 

121 COURT STREET, near Atlantic Ave., 
BROOKLYN, INT. Y. 

" Underwoods " Superior Typewriter Eibbons, 

Caligraph Ribbons, Carbon Paper. 

J. UNDERWOOD & CO., 
30 Vesey St. New York. 10 Johnston St. Toronto. 165 LaSalle St. Chicago, 



IT STANDS AT THE HEAD." 




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THE AMERICAN WRITING MACHINE COMPANY. 

HARTFORD, CONN. 

New York Office, 237 Broadway. 




If Stands at 

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QiTTe mpi m^ IMPLBi DURABLE. 

To Qompete/^l^sp^ssg 



CYCLOSTYLE COMPANY, 
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